Barbara Mor
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Barbara Mor (October 3, 1936 — January 24, 2015) was an American poet, editor, and Feminist of the twentieth-century
Goddess movement The Goddess movement includes spiritual beliefs or practices (chiefly Modern Paganism, Neopagan) which emerged predominantly in North America, Western Europe, Australia, and New Zealand in the 1970s. The movement grew as a reaction to perceptions ...
. She became most widely known for ''The Great Cosmic Mother,'' a cross-disciplinary study that cites numerous
archaeological Archaeology or archeology is the scientific study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of artifacts, architecture, biofacts or ecofacts, sites, and cultural landscap ...
,
anthropological Anthropology is the scientific study of humanity, concerned with human behavior, human biology, cultures, societies, and linguistics, in both the present and past, including past human species. Social anthropology studies patterns of behavi ...
, historical and
mythological Myth is a folklore genre consisting of narratives that play a fundamental role in a society, such as foundational tales or origin myths. Since "myth" is widely used to imply that a story is not objectively true, the identification of a narrat ...
texts and artifacts as evidence of women's role as creators and first practitioners of humanity's earliest religious and cultural belief systems. She was published by Athena Press, ''
WomanSpirit ''WomanSpirit'' (Fall 1974 - Summer 1984) was a lesbian feminist quarterly founded by Ruth and Jean Mountaingrove and produced collectively near Wolf Creek, Oregon. It was the first American lesbian/ feminist periodical to be dedicated to both fem ...
'', Second Porcupine Press,
Harper & Row Harper is an American publishing house, the flagship imprint of global publisher HarperCollins based in New York City. History J. & J. Harper (1817–1833) James Harper and his brother John, printers by training, started their book publishin ...
, and The Oliver Arts & Open Press. Her poetry was included in ''Fired Up with You : Poems of a Niagara Vision'', edited by the poet Will inman (Border Press 1977)


Beat origins

Attracted by the
Beat Movement The Beat Generation was a literary subculture movement started by a group of authors whose work explored and influenced American culture and politics in the post-war era. The bulk of their work was published and popularized by Silent Generatione ...
of the late 1950s and early 1960s, Mor lived and wrote in the
Santa Cruz Mountains The Santa Cruz Mountains, part of the Pacific Coast Ranges, are a mountain range in central and Northern California, United States. They form a ridge down the San Francisco Peninsula, south of San Francisco. They separate the Pacific Ocean from ...
,
Baja California Baja California (; 'Lower California'), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Baja California ( es, Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California), is a state in Mexico. It is the northernmost and westernmost of the 32 federal entities of Mex ...
, and
Los Angeles Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world' ...
before settling in
San Diego San Diego ( , ; ) is a city on the Pacific Ocean coast of Southern California located immediately adjacent to the Mexico–United States border. With a 2020 population of 1,386,932, it is the List of United States cities by population, eigh ...
to attend
San Diego State University San Diego State University (SDSU) is a public research university in San Diego, California. Founded in 1897 as San Diego Normal School, it is the third-oldest university and southernmost in the 23-member California State University (CSU) system ...
, where she became deeply involved with the
Feminist Movement The feminist movement (also known as the women's movement, or feminism) refers to a series of social movements and political campaigns for Radical politics, radical and Liberalism, liberal reforms on women's issues created by the inequality b ...
. She taught poetry, gave readings and lectures, and helped compile and edit a variety of poetry anthologies, as well as being Poetry Editor for ''
WomanSpirit ''WomanSpirit'' (Fall 1974 - Summer 1984) was a lesbian feminist quarterly founded by Ruth and Jean Mountaingrove and produced collectively near Wolf Creek, Oregon. It was the first American lesbian/ feminist periodical to be dedicated to both fem ...
magazine.''


Early work

Mor spent the mid-1970s in Taos, New Mexico. During this period she wrote and published three volumes of poetry, Bitter Root Rituals in ''
WomanSpirit ''WomanSpirit'' (Fall 1974 - Summer 1984) was a lesbian feminist quarterly founded by Ruth and Jean Mountaingrove and produced collectively near Wolf Creek, Oregon. It was the first American lesbian/ feminist periodical to be dedicated to both fem ...
'' 1975, ''
Mother Tongue A first language, native tongue, native language, mother tongue or L1 is the first language or dialect that a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period. In some countries, the term ''native language'' or ''mother tongu ...
'' 1977, and ''Winter Ditch'' (Second Porcupine Press, 1982).


''The Great Cosmic Mother''

When Mor published ''The Great Cosmic Mother'' in 1987, the book met with immediate critical acclaim. It has never been out of print and remains on the curricula of many college and university
Women's Studies Women's studies is an academic field that draws on feminist and interdisciplinary methods to place women's lives and experiences at the center of study, while examining social and cultural constructs of gender; systems of privilege and oppress ...
and
Mythology Myth is a folklore genre consisting of narratives that play a fundamental role in a society, such as foundational tales or origin myths. Since "myth" is widely used to imply that a story is not objectively true, the identification of a narrat ...
programs. It was considered an important reference books for students who studying ancient history and religion by the ''
School Library Journal ''School Library Journal'' (''SLJ'') is an American monthly magazine containing reviews and other articles for school librarians, media specialists, and public librarians who work with young people. Articles cover a wide variety of topics, with ...
''. Mor's original and preferred title for the book was 'The First God', but her choice was over-ruled by publisher Harper & Row. The book began as a short pamphlet written in the 1970s by
Monica Sjöö Monica Sjöö (31 December 1938 – 8 August 2005) was a Swedish-born British-based painter, writer and Radical feminism, radical Anarcha-feminism, anarcho/ Ecofeminism, eco-feminist who was an early exponent of the Goddess movement. Her books ...
, a Swedish artist, writer, and feminist. Mor and Sjöö, having learned of one another through
WomanSpirit ''WomanSpirit'' (Fall 1974 - Summer 1984) was a lesbian feminist quarterly founded by Ruth and Jean Mountaingrove and produced collectively near Wolf Creek, Oregon. It was the first American lesbian/ feminist periodical to be dedicated to both fem ...
magazine, collaborated in expanding the pamphlet to an 80-page small book, which was published by Rainbow Press, in
Trondheim Trondheim ( , , ; sma, Tråante), historically Kaupangen, Nidaros and Trondhjem (), is a city and municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. As of 2020, it had a population of 205,332, was the third most populous municipality in Norway, and ...
, Norway, in 1981. However, after this time Mor dedicated herself, independently, to research, extend, deepen, and expand the book to its present heft of almost 500 pages, this being the volume that was published in 1987 by Harper & Row. Said the publisher at that time, "For this American edition, the book has been completely rewritten and updated by Barbara Mor." Mor's comprehensive analysis of world mythologies traces the origin of ancient spiritual beliefs, ceremonies, and rituals as related to Women. She argues that the goddess-centered beliefs that dated from humanity's
Paleolithic age The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic (), also called the Old Stone Age (from Greek: παλαιός ''palaios'', "old" and λίθος ''lithos'', "stone"), is a period in human prehistory that is distinguished by the original development of stone tool ...
were violently destroyed and replaced by war-like
patriarchal Patriarchy is a social system in which positions of Dominance hierarchy, dominance and Social privilege, privilege are primarily held by men. It is used, both as a technical Anthropology, anthropological term for families or clans controll ...
cultures and religions during the rise of agriculture and the erection of the first cities in Sumeria and elsewhere. With the displacement of matriarchy by patriarchy, the foundations of "modernity" were laid down, helping explain the rise of war, the manifestation of the
Inquisition The Inquisition was a group of institutions within the Catholic Church whose aim was to combat heresy, conducting trials of suspected heretics. Studies of the records have found that the overwhelming majority of sentences consisted of penances, ...
, and even the Salem witchcraft trials. With royalties for ''The Great Cosmic Mother'' late in coming, Mor attempted to parley the success of the book into a teaching position, but ultimately could not find even menial work and ended up destitute and homeless for several years. She moved to Portland, Oregon in the 1990s, but her experience of homelessness and poverty in the American southwest even as ''The Great Cosmic Mother'' was being taught in colleges throughout the country provided much of the material for her next and last two books ''The Blue Rental'' and ''The Victory of Sex and Metal''.


Later work


''The Blue Rental''

Mor's years as a self-described "bag lady" in the southwest provide the scenery and thematic backdrop to her collection of prose-pieces, The Blue Rental (The Oliver Arts & Open Press, 2011). Most of the narratives included in The Blue Rental take place in Arizona and New Mexico and focus on poverty, violence – particularly against women – and trying to survive in a culture hostile to both poverty and women.


''The Victory of Sex & Metal''

Mor's last finished work, a 60-page long-poem, was posthumously published by The Oliver Arts & Open Press in October, 2015. The poem takes place in an impoverished urban region of the American Southwest and examines the bleak psychological and external and physical landscapes of a destitute young woman and her male partner living hard lives in the ruthless and unforgiving environment of a modern American city.


References


External links


Tribute in Memory of Barbara Mor
*Mor's family-vetted biography, recorded readings, letters & sketches at http://ancientlights.org/barbaramor/
Papers of Barbara Mor, 1962-2013: A Finding Aid.Schlesinger Library
Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University. {{DEFAULTSORT:Mor, Barbara 1936 births 2015 deaths American feminists American editors American women poets 20th-century American poets 21st-century American poets San Diego State University alumni Writers from Portland, Oregon 20th-century American women writers 21st-century American women writers